The Differences of Education between China and America

The Differences of Education between China and America After the human society has formed, a great enterprise was born. Different regions and cultures made different ways of education. Besides, competition has launched on a global scale. International competition is actually the competition of intelligence and talents which need education to boost. China and America have the extremely influence to the international society, and they have received the universal attention. China has had significant change since the founding of the nation in all respects. As well, America also has changed enormously since 1949 to 2010. With this background, many countries are trying on introspection of education, cross adoption and fusion. We can hardly ask ourselves that: can our current education system go along with the increasingly  fierce  international  competition. What actually the differences of education between China and America are? The people are well educated not only by teacher but also by parents. Chinese education and American educati on have their own strong points. Apparently, the paper doesnt mean to deny American education or Chinese education. Through the comparison, this paper puts forward some implications that suit for Chinese education. Nowadays the society is developing fast. Comparing between different countries can make us have a clear opinion about what we should improve. It is essential for our Chinese to adopt some good education methods from other countries. It helps to educate our child to be a person with high IQ and EQ. à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã‚  The Definition of Education Education is the entire process which raise newborn generation prepares to be engaged in social life, and is also the key link which the experience of human can be inherited and developed; mainly refer to the raising process of children of school age and the youth. Broadly, everything that promotes peoples knowledge and the skill, affects peoples personal character can be called education. In a limited sense, education refers chiefly to school education whose meaning is that the educator exerts their influence on body and mind of the educated to train them into the people which a certain society needs. The basis problems of education are what kinds of talents we should raise and how to do. On this fundamental issue, different education value cause different training aim and different teaching mode. China and Americas education values are different. In the raising of humans specific request, there also exist big differences. à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã‚ ¡ The Causes of Educations Differences between China and America Why these two kinds of education have so many differences? To sum up, the causes of different education are: 2.1The Different History Backgrounds It is known that American is an emigrant country whose people mostly come from Europe, just like a big melting pot with a short history and has less old culture. It is affected by multi-value and multi-culture. So compared with Chinese people, they own more adventure spirit and creation sprits. However, China had a long history which can be traced back to 5000 years ago. At the same time, it is bounded by much old culture and affected by feudal farmers idea. Its culture value is conservative. Chinese people are educated to be fictile followers, and lack of an environment to get new ideas on the whole. 2.2 The Different Economic Patterns American commodity economy is highly developed and the productive force is advanced. One can get jobs in many ways. The pressures of living are smaller than Chinese. In China, there are many kinds of jobs for Americans to choose. In Americans opinions, anyone can get others respect, no matter what his job is. Besides, commodity economy is changing all the time; jobs are changing at the same time. By contrast, China is a developing country. The pressure of living is great. One person may do only one job in his whole life, so Chinese always put all their happiness on a job. They think having a stable job is fortunate. 2.3 The Different Traditional Cultures The different traditional culture is the main reason for differences in education between China and America. Chinese emphasis the team sprit and comprehensive abilities of a child, they attach more attention to the behavior of normalization and self condition, they against the independent consciousness, the parents tell their children that they should take part in the group to adapt the society. In America culture, they emphasis people foremost and attach weight to individual potential and creativity. Chinese pay more attention to general character while Americans attach attention to personality. In chinas traditional culture ¼Ã…’the first educator is parent. The Chinese parents regard their children as their own private property. Therefore, the parents have a high opinion of shaping the childs personality, affects the childs personal construction. They pay attention to their own dream, has neglected the childs habit and happiness, so it lead the child to be in the passive situation, ignore the childs individual existence. Whereas, the American civilization takes the child as the main subject, think highly of individual, emphasizes equality, and respects the individual right. The western parents regard the child as an equal member in the family not a child, have the right to offer suggestion, respect the childs personality and dignity, they let the child think freely and choose independently. They respect the childs self-respect and advocate childs instinct development. In America education, the parents are not just childs parents, but his friends.   2.4 Different Ways of Thinking à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ Americans encourage rationalism while Chinese encourage affection. America education praise rationalism highly. Most of American parents consider the responsibility of raising a child the same as the responsibility to the society. They stand not only in an individual position but the social position. Chinese parents consider the children as their own private property. From this point of view, we can understand why more Chinese parents expect their children to be talents than American parents do. à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã‚ ¢ The Comparison of Chinese Education and American Education 3.1 Examination-oriented vs. Quality-oriented American education can be called quality-oriented education which tells the students that studying is their own matter, cares more about how students use knowledge in the society and they give students chances to decide what they want to learn, so the students in America are initiative, nimble and happy. Compared with American education, Chinese style of education is quite different. Chinese education is called exam-oriented education which the educators always formulate many kinds of rule beforehand to impose restrictions on what to do, how much one should learn, when to learn and so on. Chinese students have nothing to do but follow. Chinese students regard the study utility and all go for high scores not enjoying the process of success. They look at the study as their parents and teachers matter, and study is only the method which helps them win promotion and earn money to live rich life. So the Chinese students are passive, compelled and dogma. Chinese education is for basic educ ation; their knowledge is profound but far away from the application of daily life. American education is for the students creativity and ability, so in America, a white-collar doesnt know how much 10 plus 6 is is not shameful. They believe that training childrens creative thinking when the children are young is fundamental. But China is completely contradicted. They lay too much stress on foundation education and neglect the training of creative thinking. So American students have low score but high energy, Chinas student have high-grades but low ability. In fortune 500 companies dont want to employ Chinese student, to them, Chinese education raise only servants of knowledge and cant called as nurture the human, on the contrary, American education nurtures the master of knowledge. The test of America is always open book exam, and the students can be hand in the paper in a week. The answer is not one and only.   Chinese schools are exam-oriented which is strict, the result of whic h is one and only. Even though, we are trying a lot to improve our schools to quality-oriented education, the Chinese education is still essentially exam-oriented education. But Americans say that they are learning from us to prepare their students for exams. Maybe, the two extremes of education are going together. 3.2 Teacher-centered vs. Student-centered In China, the teacher is superior while the American teacher is friendly approachable person, even the professor in university carries little weight in class, and everybody is equal. American refuses to accept any authority. Chinese students put blind faith in their teacher. American teachers are always have a great passion and humorous. On the contrary, most Chinese teachers are stern throughout the class. Chinese educations purpose is to teach students to have no question, but American educations aim is teaching students to find questions, ask questions, and solve question. Chinese usually show a child how to do something, or teach by holding their hands and give great priority to train skills at their early age rather than foster creativity. The Chinese parents want to see their children be succeeding in life, insist on private tuition for them and in some cases, for almost every subject. Many parents believe that additional educational activities have many advantages. By extra studies, their children are able to grasp many kinds of practical skills and knowledge, which will put them in a high position in the future job markets when they grow up. Many parents hope that their children become a rich man when they grow up, because these rich people are regarded as the symbol of success and can win respect of others. As an instance, a Yale law school professor, Amy Chua s current book, Battle Hymn of Tiger Mother, which gives society plenty to d ebate about raising kids, was proved to be a high-pitched debate about Chinese education and American education which is superior. She said that she believe that her daughters can be the best student, academic achievement reflect successful parenting education, and that if they didnt stand out in school then there was a problem in her parenting. So she made ten cast-iron rules for her two daughters, such as never allowed to have a play date, never be in school play, never watch TV or play computer games and so on. So in China, the education is teacher-centered, but in America, it is student-centered. When we talk of teaching methods, American teachers barely specify content. On the other hand, Chinese teachers, pay more attention to the content. The only work the student should do is to listen. American teachers have a great passion and are always humorous. On the contrary, most Chinese teachers are always grave throughout the class. 3.3 Different Approaches to Learning: Memory-based vs. Understanding-based Most of China  students have been taught that they should have the good attitude of studying towards goals. They must remember the knowledge the teacher taught. When the children are 3 or 4 years old, most of Chinese parents start teaching children the simple calculating skill and writing their own names and also the family members names. Almost every Chinese have the memory of being obliged to repetition Chinese ancient poems in their childhood. So the Chinese education is memory-based. In America, people more value childrens ability  of practical  application. They just need understanding the knowledge and can use it. To sum up, Chinese Education System and American Education System have their own advantages and disadvantages. Chinese think highly of foundational knowledge whereas Western pay more attention on creativeness. If we could join two systems together, there is going be more Chinese performers on the 21st century stage. 3.4 Expectation on Children In China, there is an idiom which is à ¦Ã…“†ºÃƒ ¥Ã‚ ­Ã‚ Ãƒ ¦Ã‹â€ Ã‚ Ãƒ ©Ã‚ ¾Ã¢â€ž ¢. It means that the parents hope their children have a bright future whether they are happy or not. But in America, the American parents only want their children to have a happy life and to be a useful person to the society. Education  in  China  makes children dependent while the  western  one makes children independent. When Chinese teach their babies to walk, they always hold their babies hands until they can walk and stand. So when we face difficult, we would think of finding someone to help us firstly, not to solve it by ourselves. But American parents always watch their babies standing up and falling down again and again, leaving their babies crying aloud, and never come to help. So American students are more independent, when there is a Chinese student and an American student, American students will tell their parents: I have enough money to have a trip. Whereas Chinese will say: dad and mom, I want to travel, please give me some money. American people pay more attention to childrens originality and independence more than the Chinese do. And they think self-reliance is a principal value of child. They also think that creativity should be acquired early. On the other hand, skills can be picked up later; American parents think much of developing their childrens creativity which I think is more important than Chinese parents teaching their children by their hand. Teaching by hand is to make children have less ingenuity. America, they teach children that they should depend on themselves for correct solutions to problems. Besides, they put more emphasis on promote creativity in children. Americans let their children solve the problem by themselves. For instance, they let the children know the value of labor, repair the motorcycle themselves at an early age, in China, that work is seen as the adults work. In the American  family, children can call their parents name just like adult and friend, and the children can expre ss their views  and participate in  family  discussions which in china, parents decision is more important. The children can determine things themselves  and parents wont intervene their children if they do not have legitimate reasons. They tend to give their children opportunities to learn  and  correct by themselves, if they did in a wrong way, the parents would advice them in a  euphemistic  way. This independent personality makes their children have more individual abilities  and  efforts. By comparison, we cant say which is better, because every coin has two sides. Everything may be different in different places. We live on the same earth, but the differences of family education are so great that it demand us to do some research and we can get something useful from American education to consummate our family education system. à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã‚ £ The Comparison of the Educations Aim and Results between China and America 4.1 The Comparison of the Aims of Education Now people become more and more realize the importance and significance of education. Educations aims determine what kind of people they educated will be. So the aims of education are the nucleus, which is the primary reason of the different education between Chinese and American. Once the aim is constructed, education contents and material must be formulated according to the aims. To train the child into a social man is American educations aims which make students can deal with all kinds of problems and independent ability. To accomplish it is not a high expectation. Social man is not an implementable idea, and easy to achieve. So American parents have an easeful attitude to educate their children. They are good at finding out the strong suit of their children. And also the children can find their passion and value from education. They can experience the joy of studying. As a matter of fact, this kind of education can get good results. Lets see the process of growth of American children. When they are still a baby, they sleep in their own room; When they should learn walk, they learn it by themselves, they seldom ask parents for help; When they grow up, they should clean the rooms by themselves; They do what they can do to earn money from childhood. For example, they do house cleaning, be a delivery boy; when they go to senior middle school or university, they do part-time jobs to make money for tuition. By comparison, Chinese educations aim is to train children into talents. A glorious future means to get an ideal job and to live a rich. First, this aim is high and utility. It is hard to make it come true, because having a glorious future is not an easy work. Because of the aim, Chinese parents especially care for childrens achievements in study. Their only requirement is that their children can turn all the attentions on their study. Nevertheless, they ignore their childrens extraordinary abilities, damage their ability to innovate and imaginations. It turns out that parents would kill the talents of the children. Although, Chinese children study very hard and get good achievements, they lack of abilities to cater to this society. Sometimes, parents hope would be all over. For example, the Australia-Chinese, WeiLi, who is a high flier in music field, a month ago, he killed his mother, and then he left Australia by international flight. His father is a businessman, and his mother is a housewife, so her main work is keeping WeiLi at hard study and requires his son do everything successfully. WeiLi couldnt bear the pressure, so killed his mother. This is a tragedy. The aim of education is not only making children know something but also making them can do something. Based on the common sense of world, student should have the courage to question the authority and raise their own opinions. If some people disagree each other in some respects, they can discuss it with each other until they can have a single voice. We know that two heads are better than one, and all of them could hold their own opinions but all of them could better understand the problem. By this mean, students develop their critical spirit and cater to the development of the society. 4.2 The Comparison of the Educations Results between China and America Different results of education are due to different aims, methods and concepts, the educational result show some obvious different. Generally speaking, American children show us their distinguishing characters when they are in young age. For example, they have very strong ability of independence; they dont depend on their parents after 18 years old. The bulk of them will do some part-time job to earn their own bread. They can keep a cool head when they face troubles. They have the ability to adapting the society and can get on well with other people easily. Because they are independent from family when they are 18 and have experience from their work, they have more courage and confidence. Although Chinese students schoolwork is better than American students, they cant live well independently without the support of their parents. In short, the prominent characteristics of American children are their great capacity and the adaption to the society. Although, Chinese children, teenagers, even university students, who get great achievements in their studies and receive satisfaction, they do things in passive ways, such as timid, relying on other people, lacking of the ability to adapting the environment and get along well with other people. Even worse, with poor independent viability, they cant deal with money in a proper way. In short, they are lack of the sympathy and only want other people to care about them and the ability to help others. Supposing that if a person only cares about himself, what responsibilities can he take for the society? Chinese parents hope their children study hard in the school instead of taking part in the changing society. Nowadays, what kind of the education fits for the society? The future of a nation depends on the young generation. Nations development needs mans creativity, activity, knowledge and talent. As the civilization develops, more and more people need to pay attention to the education of the ability to do all kinds of things and humanity. So todays society needs active talents and all-round. Obviously, American education can bring a child full of creativity and ability; in modern society, parents attach more attention to education in American the same as those in China. By comparison, Chinese family education only can produce a talent, who is good at studying and never against the rules. It is the result of examination-oriented education, which not only do harm to childrens body but also the mind. So Chinese education needs a reform immediately. à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã‚ ¤ Implications for Teaching and Learning In my opinion, on the one hand, we need inherit and develop the fine educational tradition of ancient China; on the other hand, we need grasp the essence from American education, and promote the reforming of Chinese education. 5.1 Education Aims: Turn Talent Education into Human Education. Through the comparison, we can find that American family educations aim is more fitting the progress of the society than Chinas. In the meantime, it can produce more persons with creative ability. That cant be denying. In Chinese exam-oriented education, we mislead and kill a lot of talents. Generally speaking, a persons comprehensive capacity becomes more and more important as the developing of social productive force, the society competition becomes more and more violently. 5.2 Education Contents: Turn One-sided Family Education into All-round Family Education. In China, the aim of education is to pass knowledge to the next generation. Because of the wrong purpose, they trained a large number of students with high score but low ability. This kind of education will make childrens quality development unbalanced, so that it cant fit for this dynamic society. After setting up human education as our educations aim, we should improve childrens comprehensive quality. We should turn one-sided education into all-round education to improve the comprehensive quality of children,. 5.3 To Turn Knowledge Education into Capability Education In todays society, as development of modern science and technology, people have put training ability in a core position than teaching knowledge. Its goal is to improve every aspect of quality which a person needs and fit the requirements of the societys development. Education demands the parents and teacher not only to give children knowledge, food and money, but the skills to get them. Parents should teach the children playing, working and communicating which are the abilities a person should have in modern society. Chinese should turn knowledge-education into capability-education. à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã‚ ¥ Conclusion The education is a cultural phenomenon which can reflect a nations culture connotation. Chinese and the American education each have its own advantages. To make up for ones deficiency, one should learn from others strong points, pick up good idea from the other, and push forward the educational modernization immediately. China should turn talent education into human education, turn restrained education into loose and comfortable education, and use scientific mode of education to boot the reforms of education. If we can follow these changing, Chinese education will go to a rosy future. American also can get something they lack of from our education. Every child grows up under his parents and teachers educate, so childrens destinies are closely related to education. For the children, for the family, for the society, we should change our wrong way of education. America and China are two great nations. One is the largest developed country and the other is the largest developing country. More and more Chinese people go to the America to study further or advanced knowledge, or just having visits. And more and more American people come to China for jobs and joys. Cultural exchanges have played an important role in friendship and promoting mutual understanding between the two countries.

For Whom The Bell Tolls(term-paper) -- essays research papers fc

When reading an Ernest Hemingway novel, one must try very hard to focus on the joy and encouragement found in the work. For Whom the Bell Tolls is full of love and beauty, but is so greatly overshadowed by this lingering feeling of doom--a feeling that does not let you enjoy reading, for you are always waiting for the let down, a chance for human nature to go horribly awry. This feeling is broken up into three specific areas. In Ernest Hemingway's novel, For Whom the Bell Tolls, humanity is exploited through brutal violence, unnecessary courage, and hopeless futility. Hemingway has the uncanny gift of imagery, and he possesses a brilliant mastery of the English language. He is adept at manipulating words and weaving complex sentences; furthermore, "Meticulous description takes its place†¦For Hemingway†¦description is definition." (Tanner 228) All of this genius can show the ultimate beauty and grace of existence, but the flipside to that is the same devices used to show all of the wonder and greatness in life can also be used to show to many hardships and painful truths we must endure, such as violence and gory injustices: â€Å"Then some one hit the drunkard a great blow alongside the head with a flail and he fell back, and lying on the ground, he looked up at the man who had hit him and then shut his eyes and crossed his hands on his chest, and lay there beside Don Anastasio as though he were asleep. The man did not hit him again and he lay there and he was still there when they picked up Don Anastasio and put him with the others in the cart that hauled them all over to the cliff where they were thrown over that evening with the others after there had been a cleaning up in the Ayuntamiento.† (Hemingway 126). The mob-violence that is portrayed in that passage is one inspired by ignorance, weak wills, and alcohol. All through Pilar and Robert Jordan’s flashbacks, one cannot help but be overwhelmed with feelings of disgust towards humankind. These stories are not uncommon, either. Most of the people fighting against the fascists in this novel have similar stories. It is absolutely horrid to hear these anecdotes in which people tell in great detail how they saw their parents, siblings, cousins, and so on, die is extremely heart wrenching ways. One little girls family was murdered in a particular... ...rible situation comes along to undermine the reader’s faith in human nature. From his meticulously descriptive anecdotes, to his realist narratives, in his novel, For Whom the Bell Tolls, Ernest Hemingway exploits humanity through brutal violence, unnecessary courage, and hopeless futility. Works Cited Frohok, W.M. â€Å"Ernest Hemingway—The River and the Hawk.† The Novel of Violence in America. Mississippi: Beacon, 1957. 166-98. Hemingway, Ernest. For Whom the Bell Tolls. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1940. 1-471. Howe, Irving. A World More Attractive: A View of Modern Literature and Politics. New York: Horizon Press, 1963. 65-70. Tanner, Stephen L. â€Å"Hemingway’s Islands.† Southwest Review. Winster: Southern Methodist University Press, 1976. 74-84. Tanner, Tony. â€Å"Ernest Hemingway’s Unhurried Sensations.† The Wave of Wonder: Naivety and Reality in American Literature. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1965. 228-57. Villapiano, Gavino. Interview. Off-Camera Conversation with my Father. By Nicholas Gavino Villapiano. New Jersey: 1999. 1-2 Wain, John. â€Å"The Conflict of Forms in Contemporary English Literature.† Essays on Literature and Ideas. St. Martins: Macmillan, 1963. 230-35

Impact of integrated marketing communication on brands Essay

Figure 1 As mentioned above, having a good and effective brand can be achieved by various factors and approaches and one of these is through integrated marketing communication. Integrated marketing communication is known as a strategic coordination of multiple communication voices. The objective of this is to optimize the effect of persuasive communication on both the non-consumer and consumer including trade and professional audiences by coordinating the elements of the marketing mix which include public relations, advertising, package design, promotions and direct marketing (Moore & Thorson 1996). In this regard, it is evident that different approach can be used to ensure that the information of the brands is being conveyed on the targeted market. Furthermore, IMC is also considered as a strategic approach for coordinating all messages and media utilised by a company to collectively affect its perceived brand value (Keegan, Moriarity & Duncan, 1992). In addition, IMC is also referred to as a cross-function approach for generating and sustaining good relationships with clients by controlling or managing strategically all the information sent to them and by purposely encouraging two-way dialogues with target market. Integrated marketing communication has been considered to have an effect in brands. Accordingly, its concept that aims on managing customer relationship has the ability to drive brand value for the company and generate desire results (Clowe & Baack 2004). Through the integrated marketing communication, brands are strategically promoted through the use of various promotional elements as well as marketing process to communicate the message of the company and the brand to the specified target market (Moore and Thorson, 1996). It has been noted that integrated marketing communication is aiming on using direct communication so as to bring behavioural changes among consumers who will purchase a specific brand (Shimp, 2000). Integrated marketing communication also relates the message to the client which brings behavioral changes that helps the brand to establish a strong and tight relation with the target market. Furthermore, the context of integrated marketing communication stresses on the significance of coordination and synergy so as to develop and maintain a strong brand image. By using various communication instruments through the integration concept of marketing communications, industries have the ability to use effective methods to strengthen their brands with their target market and promote stronger brand names to their targets (Kotler, 2004). The IMC approach can also be considered to affect or influence brands positively by giving the brands the chance to sustain their competitive advantage among clients by identifying the most useful and appropriate methods in communicating and establishing good customer relations, which include strong relationships with stakeholders including the employees, investors, suppliers interest groups and the public in general. The main objective of the communicating brand image is to instill a stable and consistent impression among their clients (Fill, 2002). In addition, Integrated Marketing Communication affects brand in a way that it gives the opportunity for the brand to sustain its marketability. The application of integrated marketing tools can enable the brands to communicate with the other target segment. For instance because of the increasing popularity of the world wide web, each company that invests in having their own website will have the chance to reach consumers locally and internationally. This means that the reach of the brand are also extended and expanded in the global market. Through the use of integrated marketing communication. With this, brands of different company will be able to Emerge quickly in the marketplace since the tools and approaches of integrated marketing communication will act as shop window for many businesses today. In addition, this will also permit the clients to easily know important information about a specific brand and to know the different features a specific brand. In addition, the integrated marketing communication is also important in impacting the brand since this will served as a marketing communicating approach for effectively promoting the brands, which will aim to result in a more sales from other distribution channels. The rationale for choosing this marketing channel is that Integrated marketing communication can help brands to meet target consumers worldwide and this could be a great opportunity to be developed and in order for brand to be quickly recognized by the target market. In this regard, the overall campaign element of the brand must be integrated so as to attain the desirable marketing communication objectives. It is said that the target market do not separate or divide sponsorship, advertising, sales promotion, and internet as marketing communications approaches. The clients tend to receive the messages about specific brand from various sources and set up either favourable or unfavourable image of the brand. As far as the company is concerned, the source of the brand information is not that important. What is more essential with is the content of the information conveyed and to what degree the brand promise has been actually delivered to the target market (Fill & Yeshin, 2001). It can be said that all campaign activities lead down to marketing communication and the vital efficient communication is to comprehend how the clients process the vast amount of information that comes their way each and every day and how it helps the brand to reach their target audience (Fill, 2002). In order to sustain the competitive advantage of the specific brand, the market must be able to select only the important message that the management perceive to be important in enhancing the brand value and ignore the rest. If the marketing information is to be selected and process, the management must ensure that it include sensory and life experiences which can easily be determined and change into a unified context, have mental relationships to other categorized brand ideas, and fit into the categories and mental linkages that consumers have already created for themselves. Conclusion The context of branding is said to be useful in terms of comprehending and analysing the competitive position of an organisation. The brand of the company remains an important part of marketing communication as it is mostly recognised by their clients. It can be said that the heavy consideration on marketing communication in branding can create the impression that the brand can be promoted through the use of integrated marketing communication. In this analysis, it shows that brand image strengths and effectiveness is important to sustain the competitive advantage of the company. Much has been said about the importance of having a strong and effective brand image. Based on this analysis, it can be said that a strong and effective brand is something that can influence the choice of the target market and meets the brand personality provided. It can be said that each organisation must have a brand image which addresses the dimensions and characteristics of strong and effective brand. In order to achieve this, the company must be able to manage the brand efficiently. By and large, it can be said that brands have many useful attributes. A brand can be used by the company as promoting recall, as assets, in providing premium and quality in the market, and in generating perceived differentiation. It can also be said that brands is a complex phenomena and it can easily be understood using metaphors such as linking brands into a person. Analysis has shown that to be able to have a strong and effective brand, it must be able to meet the needs and demands of the clients and the company itself. In addition, analysis shows that the use of integrated marketing communication is an important aspect to make the brand be more attractive and appealing to the target market. It can be concluded that integrated marketing communication affect the brand’s competitive position by enabling the target market to know more about the brands. And eventually contribute to increasing sales; notably, integrated marketing communication can help in new institutional development and launches of the brand. In addition, the study shows that a strong and effective brand has the ability to produce audiences in a multi-channel environment that enables the company to be known in the global market. Second, strong and effective brands can be an outcome of an effective integrated marketing communication approach. Reference Aaker, D. (1991). Manage Brand Equity. New York: The Free Press. Aaker, D. A. & Joachimsthaler, E. (2000). Brand leadership. New York: Free Press Asher, J. (1997). Promoting brand identity: what’s your name again? ABA Banking Journal, Vol. 89. Bailey, S. , & Schultz, D. (2000). Customer/Brand Loyalty in an Interactive Marketplace. Journal of Advertising Research, 40(3), 41. Balmer, M. T. J. 7 Wilson, A. (1998). Corporate identity: there is more to it than meets the eye. International Studies of Management & Organization, Vol. 28. Biel, A. (1992). How brand image drives brand equity. Journal of Advertising Research, 32, 6-12. Brassington F, Pettitt S (2000). Principles of Marketing. 2nd edition. Harlow: Financial Times Pitman. Clowe& Baack (2007) integrated advertising, promotion and marketing communications 3rd edition. Pearson Prentice Hall. Engel, J. , Blackwell, R. and Miniard, P. (1995). Consumer behavior, 8th ed. Orlando, FL. : The Dryden Press. Fill C (2002) Integrated marketing communication.oxford butterworth heineman Laforet, S. & Saunders, J. (1999). Managing brand portfolios: Why leaders do what they do. Journal of Advertising Research, Vol. 39. Keller, K. L. (1993). Conceptualizing, measuring, and managing customer-based brand equity. Journal of Marketing, 57(January), 1-22. Kim, H. , Kim, W. G. , & An, J. A (2003). The effect of consumer-based brand equity on firms’ financial performance. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 20 (4), 335-351. Kotler, D. (1997). Marketing management: Analysis, planning, implementation and control (9th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Kotler, P. (1999). Marketing management analysis, planning, implementation and control (9th ed. ), Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, NJ: Prentice. Hall Inc. Kotler et al (2004). Principle of marketing, the European edition. Kotler, P 2001 Marketing Management. Northwestern University: Prentice Hall International, Inc. McCombs, M. (2003) Everything you know about branding is wrong, expert advises: Guess who’s really in charge? Available at [brandharmony. com]. Accessed July 16, 2008.

Aristotle s Views On Metaphysics And Epistemology

Nolynn Kaufman Professor Jacobs Paper 1- What is Real and How to Know It 10-1-2014 What is Real and How to Know It Throughout time, people have always had varying views and ideas of everything. Through philosophy, these views and ideas can be put into solid words, theories, and assertions. Two very influential and famous philosophers are Plato and Aristotle. Although Aristotle was a student of Plato, they have differing views of metaphysics and epistemology. Metaphysics is a branch of philosophy that attempts to give a complete and systematic account of all reality and existence. Epistemology is a branch of philosophy that studies the nature and grounds of knowledge; epistemology asks what something is and how it came to be. One’s metaphysical position influences and affects their epistemological view by forming opinions on what is real or not and coming to knowledge through experience and/or by their metaphysical beliefs of reality. Metaphysics is essentially one’s view on reality and what is real. According to Plato, there are two worlds; one that consists of the forms (non-material and abstract ideas that possess the highest and most fundamental reality), and one that we live in that consists of physical things that seem real and are able to be detected by the 5 senses. Plato thinks that the only world to be concerned with is the one of forms, for that is the only real one. According to Aristotle, there is only the sensible and physical world that we liveShow MoreRelatedLogic, Metaphysics, Epistemology, And The Value Theory1244 Words   |  5 PagesA1.) The four main divisions in Philosophy are: logic, metaphysics, epistemology, and the value theory. †¢ The division of logic is essentially the division in which all reasoning of our knowledges is deemed correct. Logic focuses on arguments within reasoning and accounts for which arguments will be successful and which arguments will fail. 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